Project Control Methods Used For Construction Project...

Project Control Methods used in Construction Project Management The scope of this assignment is to study, compare and analyze the most commonly used Project control methods used in the Construction Projects management and to select the best method for efficient project control to be used in construction project management. In this assignment three different project control methods such as 1) Earned Value Management 2) Location Based Management 3) Building Information Modeling are studied and compared. What is a Project? : In simple words a Project can be defined as temporary effort undertaken to create a unique product, service or result. Since the project is of temporary nature it has a definite start and end time. (Guide 2001) What is Project Management? : Project Management can be defined as the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. The different processes involved in project management are, (Guide 2001) Initiating – Planning – Executing – Controlling – Closing What is Project Control? : The definition for project control with related to the construction industry has been given as ‘the process involved in creating a building or a facility in the lowest possible cost with the expected quality in the stipulated given project time’. (Attalla 1997) Why does project Control Exists? : The main objective of Project control is to track and monitor the three most important aspect of any project. TheShow MoreRelatedEssay on Construction Project Management and Business Management925 Words   |  4 PagesConstruction Project Management and Business Management Over the past few years, the construction industry has been changing dramatically. One of the most important stages in the construction management and business management is the planning phase. 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Talent Planning Within an Organisation free essay sample

Planning within an Organisation Recruitment refers to the process of attracting, screening, and selecting a capable person for a specific job. This short report will look at factors which may affect recruitment within an organisation, different recruitment and selection methods, workforce diversity and the induction process. When attracting talent the approach of organisations can differ entirely depending on certain issues such as: Funding – this controls all aspects of advertising from hiring agencies or running an advertisement. Initially the funds also need to be there to accommodate another employee. Culture – this will direct any advertisement as the nature of the job or company needs to be present within the job specification and selection method, for example retail roles will focus more on customer service and ‘people’ skills. Size – the size of company will reflect in the size of the recruitment campaign or process. Research shows that smaller organisation have a lower number in staff turnover. We will write a custom essay sample on Talent Planning Within an Organisation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This could be due to smaller companies not having the funds to accommodate regular recruitment so work hard to keep and develop their existing staff skill and abilities. Political – political or environmental factors could affect an organisation approach to talent resourcing. With the current economy situation companies are having to hire one person to fill multiple roles or duties opposed to hiring multiple people. This has resulted in redundancies, fewer jobs out there creating more competition amongst job seekers and companies. Encouraging diversity is becoming increasingly important for businesses and society. It carries many benefits. A business must comply with the Equality Act 2010, where for example, nobody should be discriminated against for their race, religion, gender, age or sexuality. So one reason to employ a diverse workforce is simply to comply with the law. Having a diverse workforce with people from different racial, educational and social backgrounds and age groups increases the skills, experience and qualifications spectrum of the workforce. Resulting in new or more creative ideas or ways being brought to the industry, improving production or service. Publisher Malcolm Forbes once said that diversity is the art of thinking independently together. Organisations cant thrive and grow if everyone in them thinks and behaves the same way. Business as well as society has to evolve and adapt to change in order to survive. An organisation with a diverse range of employees is well placed to understand the needs of a wide range of customers. They are also in a good position to recruit and retain staff in an increasingly diverse society continues to expand worldwide. An organisations approach to recruitment and selection procedures depends greatly upon their budgets. Financial budgets influence which path to take for example, hiring an agency or publishing an advertisement or operating and maintaining an online application system. Time management is important as you need to work to a time scale, set a closing date for applications. Communication is needed with recruitment staff and workforce, for example, having an employee who leaving or starting maternity leave, that position needs to be filled before hand to minimise disruption to production or services. This is also again where time management comes into action. Depending on the role different selection methods would be more beneficial. Group work – This may be a better to witness how people interact and display people skills, this would suit customer service or retail based roles. Also it saves time compared to one-to –one interviews as you can see several people at once and maybe only invite a few back for a more second interview or maybe a key skills test or simply offer the position to. Hiring an agency to fill a position can be quicker and less work for the business as the agency carryout the recruitment process to meet the needs and specification set by the business. The agency is responsible for finding the right person so they are going to send only the best as they want to keep a good reputation. Headhunters’ are useful when trying to fill a more complex role such as an area within engineering as people trained to carry out the specific task may be far fewer. A headhunting company will know who and where to find the right person. They act quickly, carryout negotiations and like an agency want to impress the company they are working on behalf of. Inductions are a type of training given as an initial preparation upon a new employee joining the organisation. It often contains information dealing with the layout of the firm or its hierarchy, health and safety measures and security systems. An introduction to key employees and teams, gives an impression of the organisation’s culture and can display the attitude and some expectations required of the individual by the company. This is important for both the employer and employee as it sets the tone and boundaries for both parties. If correctly done an effective induction can save time and cost (in terms of faulty products or poor services, etc. ). It is essential that managers place their authority to make sure that the new employee is carefully helped to adjust to the new work surroundings and culture and that integration of the new employee and team is well executed. Studies by the CIPD show that the length of an induction can vary depending on the complexity and culture of the role or company. Also the CIPD state that employees who have a well thought-out induction are more likely to stay with the organisation. Some things in the organisations induction could be as little as where the notice board is or drinks facilities are these are the things that help the employee familiarise themselves with the company and ease them into the team or role. An induction plan is a valuable and vital tool to use throughout the induction process. It allows the company to manage time and budgets better and layout what is expected of the new starter and any other managers or team members involved. The attached induction template is an example how one may be presented. It should contain policies and procedures including health and safety, sickness and holiday leave, salary details, security measures, shift and hours arrangements, dress codes, expectations of the company, pension schemes, targets or goals of the company, training dates and many more topics. Following discussion and understanding of each item a signature from the new starter and trainer should be obtained as evidence of doing so. Resourcing talent can be a lengthy and complex process, following my research it is very clear that no two businesses are the same and from the very start of the process their culture and focus is apparent. Also performing an effective induction is the key to a happy, loyal workforce and doing it properly can be cost and time effective.

A Day In The Life Of Catherine Bana Essays - Catherine, Burkina Faso

A Day In The Life Of Catherine Bana Paringaux's article ?A Day in the Life of Catherine Bana,? is one that is both moving and informative. It's description of the daily routine of a wife and mother from Balkoui shocks most American readers with the graphic reality of life in the impoverished nation. The article provides a vivid description of the geography of Sahel, the roles of males and females in this society, and the impact of recent international development. The families of Burknina-Faso depend on agriculture as the main source of their meager incomes. The climate and other geographical factors virtually shape the life Catherine Bana. She spends her days tending to the livestock and crops. Millet, sorghum, and groundnut require large amounts of labor and care in order to produce the profit the family needs to survive. Twice a week, Catherine travels to the market to sell the fruits of her labor, along with some small crafts she has produced in her spare time. Further adding to the hardships her manual labor, the country suffers from a severe water shortage. When water is needed Catherine is forced to travel to the well to fetch water in jugs. This hot, humid, and dry climate is a harsh reality that the women of Balkoui must face each day. Throughout the article the author reveals a distinctive difference in the traditional roles of women in America and in Balkoui. It is significant that Paringaux chooses to depict a ?Day in the Life of Catherine Bana? instead of her husband. The author is sympathetic towards the tough existence of women in the African culture, and therefore focuses the article's attention on their daily routines. Catherine and other women of the village are expected to bear an abundance of children to overcome the high infant mortality rate, as well as add to the work force. Despite a life expectancy of only 45 years, Catherine mothers six children. The women of Balkoui are not only expected to care for the children and complete other household chores, they are required to satisfy their husbands appetite for sexual activity and ?dolo,? the drink of choice for the men of Balkoui. The author's description of Catherine's daily routine helps the reader to further understand the roles of men and women in t he Burkina-Faso's society. Paringaux discusses the impoverished lifestyle of the poor country and its effect on natives, but the end of the article indicates an upward turn towards improvement. The village is beginning to emerge from its underdevelopment, thanks to help from foreign sources. Water pumps have been installed, and a school has been established. These new improvements are encouraging, but the country is still burdened with poverty. Hopefully, with the continued generosity of foreign nations and the Untied Nations, conditions in Balkoui will continue to improve. After reading Paringuax's article, the reader is more informed about the geography of the Sahel, the roles of men and women, and the impact of international development. Learning about the culture of this society helps the reader to understand the beliefs and behaviors of its inhabitants. Paringuax's informative intent, paired with personal detail, help to establish this article as one that helps the reader to interpret English Essays

The Universe and the Cosmological Argument essays

The Universe and the Cosmological Argument essays Cosmology has always been an interesting area of study for me. For as long as I can remember, every time I look up at the night sky, a million questions pop into my head. Questions such as "Is there intelligent life out there?" "How large is space, does it expand infinitely, if it does, what does it expand into?" These and many other questions still plague my mind. We can define Cosmology as the study of the heavens as a whole, including theories about its origin, evolution, large-scale structure, and future. I would agree with this description and would like to explain my point of view of the topics that Cosmology covers. Personally, I tend to believe that the big bang theory may have an explanation for the current state of our universe. The idea that all of this exploded from a super mass isn't too hard to believe. It gives good reason to the expansion of the universe, and the 360-degree view of the universe (this because the explosion would have sent mass outward in every direction), but I wouldn't think of it as the origin of the universe. I mean, in my mind, something had to be there to cause this super mass. Was the universe contracting until it formed this huge mass? I believe that we may never know how the universe came about, rather have some idea as to what came directly before it's current state as well as before that and so on. We could come up with ideas until we die, and someone would just continue in our footsteps. I do have one idea as to how this super mass which is the being behind the big bang theory came to be one mass. Scientists, as well as philosophers and just about anyone you talk to, can tell you that the universe is still expanding today, possibly because of the big bang. Though no one could tell you how this super mass came to be, or how it originated. I believe that there is a never-ending cycle of the expansion and contraction of the entire universe. The universe as we know it now is in a state of e...

Renaissance and Baroque Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Renaissance and Baroque - Essay Example During the renaissance, paintings, sculptures, and architecture experienced a re-birth. From the 14th century, the world realized great innovations. During this time, artists blended light and colour more innovatively to their feelings, ideas and emotions. Renaissance art refers t o ancient Greek and Roman cultures. The works of art during this time were mainly used to send religious messages more easily. At the time, people were barely literate and it was easier to communicate through pictures, paintings, and sculptures than through reading and writing. It was a period of great crisis which entailed; the unrest in the Catholic Church and political instability. Artists came up with innovative ways to encourage people to be good and have faith in God. Paintings were therefore mostly religious. During this period, pictures had more depth and space. They were more realistic representations of physical objects. The pictures resembled what they were intended to portray more closely. The m ain elements in reconnaissance art include: perspective, shadows and light, emotion, realism and naturalism. To display three dimensional depth and space in their work, reconnaissance artists implemented the use of linear perspective, horizon line and vanishing point. Artists used shadows and light to create a focal point on a piece of art. In the hope to motivate people to have faith and be better people, renaissance painting employed the use of emotion. They also made objects appear more real and natural.

Strategic Marketing at Waitrose Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Strategic Marketing at Waitrose - Case Study Example Company's main focus area is the UK. Having the backing of a strong group helps not only in the form of giving it an identity but also in the form of experience, reaching out to potential customers, clubbing the marketing decisions, planning out marketing communication strategies etc. And, the company has been able to establish itself quite well, despite squeezing of the profit margins(No author, 1998). The category leadership strategy, in particular, has provided it with more than 5% of the market share The weaknesses of the company are: still, the company is primarily is concentrated within the south of England. Despite having been in the business for so many years. The company requires to strengthen its presence in other markets as well, to take on the competitors. And, Waitrose doesn't take stock of its business on a quarterly basis(No author, 1999). The opportunities of the company are: the UK is just about 20% self-sufficient in fruits, and the demand for fruits is on the rise gradually. Though the traditionally UK is not known to be a fruit lover nation, with a growing number of consumers, better opportunities will certainly emerge. The threats of the company are: UK consumers have a lesser appetite for fruits as compared to European counterparts. If sufficient efforts are not made to widen the consumer base, this may result in a lesser intake of fruits, which will ultimately lead to less than expected sales of fruits. And, with the number of suppliers becoming less, the leveraging power of the supermarket stores may be affected as well. Also, the UK supermarket industry is fiercely competitive, with the likes of Tesco, Sainsbury, Asda, and Safeway holding the lion's share of the market's SWOT analysis is a necessary tool for decision making(No author, 2000). Still, the company is primarily is concentrated within the south of England. Despite having been in the business for so many years. The company requires to strengthen its presence in other markets as well, to take on the competitors(Hunger, 1996). If the company will set up shop in the north, east and west of England and the larger United Kingdom, then there is a strong probability that the revenues will increase by three times the current revenues generated from the South of England alone. Although the expenses will also increase by three times the current expenses, the net income will surely increase by three times under its current location in the South of England if the company will set up shop in the North, East and West part of England and the wider United Kingdom(Thompson, 1999). Waitrose is implementing a well known competitive marketing strategy. Price water house coopers stated that "Marketing strategy is the most significant planning challenge regardless of industry or size of the company. Our goal will be to re-evaluate and examine constantly our marketing position. Our emphasis will be on market strategy, technique and product innovation." When they did research on two

Policy of Sport Development

Policy of Sport Development In this essay the writer is going to attempt to explore the policy of sport development and physical activities. The writer is going to discuss the policy in depth, why the policy was made, what was its aim and which social problems did it address. The writer is also going to discuss how the government implemented this policy and if the policy was successful or not. In discussing the policy the writer is also going to look at the different groups of the community that are affected and how they responded to the policy. The writer will conclude by looking at how the policy has had an impact on peoples lives both the negative and positive impact. In attempting to define social policy one can not come up with one precise definition as social policy is a broad and diverse subject. According to (Spicker, P. 1995) it is the study of social service and the welfare state. The main social services include social security, housing, education, health and personal social services. The wikipedia states that social policy is the guidelines for changing maintenance or creation of living conditions that are conducive to human welfare. Social policies are as a result of government intervention in human affairs. They do not just merge up but they come about to address a social problem. Every policy has an ideological origin, aim, nature and an effect. When the labour gorvenment came into power it adopted a policy on physical activity and sport development. In April 2001 the Government published its strategy for the development of sport over the next decade (Governments plans for sport 2001). The ideological origins of the policy of sport development and physical activities included the following to improve quality of life, improve health of the nation, tackle health inequalities, promote equality, reduce crime, provide opportunity of life long learning, neighborhood renewal and social integration. The aim was to bring Britain together and also set a national strategy for neighborhood renewal. According to the article from the office of the deputy minister on neighborhood renewal unit (Renewal.net 2008) it defined neighborhood renewal as about reversing the spiral decline, working from the grassroots to deliver economic prosperity ,jobs, safer communities, education, physical activities and better health. Sport would contribute to neighborhood renewal and make a difference in crime, employment, and education. This was to be achieved by providing access to all individuals to quality sport, play, physical activity opportunity promoting individual development (East Riding Council 2008). The Council of Europe defines sport as â€Å"All forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and well-being, forming social relationships, or obtaining results in competition at all levels† Sport is defined broadly, embracing both formal and informal activities undertaken for leisure, health and social benefit including recreational activities such as walking and cycling. Participation in appropriate sport and physical activity provides social, health and economic benefits for individuals, communities and the country as a whole. At the heart of the sport development and physical activities was social inclusion(sport development 2001). This was to promote equality and fairness in the society and remove any form of discrimination which may include age, race, gender, ability and need. Other reasons that may result people being excluded from the society may include unemployment, poor skills, low income, poor housing, crime, bad health or family breakdown. According to the report by (Renewal.net 2008) people living in disadvantage areas, older people, people from ethnic minorities and people with disabilities were not obtaining the full social health and economic benefits from participation in sport and physical activities. Therefore Sport development was to deal with the opportunities available for people to progress to their potential in sport, from taking part for fun and health to competition and also encompasses the provision of opportunities for addressing the social issues of the day through participation in sport. The policy in sport development and physical activities aimed at addressing number social problems which included crime, health, education and social exclusion. Sport would encourage community safety. (Collins et al 1999) suggested that â€Å"sport might contribute to combat crime particularly youth and juvenile criminal behaviors.† Sport could also help youth offenders, in that they can work with officers who will assist in helping them to gain qualifications and mentor them and use sport to prevent them in anti social behaviors. Sports and physical activities prevent or control risky behaviors among young people for example tobacco or other substance abuse, unhealthy diets or violence (WHO 2003). Providing sport for young people also helps to prevent boredom and helps to teach values and morals, teamwork, respect for others and have a common goal. Sports also help in both physical and mental health. An article from the East Riding Yorkshire Council cited that â€Å"absence from work cost United Kingdom business over eleven billion pounds per annum. Sports and physical activities increase employability and help contribute to the economic vitality of the community. They also help reduce the risk of prada Willis, obesity, coronary heart disease and even diabetes. Sports can also help in therapy and can reduce stress and depression. According to (Bourchard et al, 1994) benefits of sports and physical activities also include reduction in mobility and mortality from disease of several body systems. Establishment of healthful patterns of exercise, positive attitude and adaptive mechanism for coping with stress are likely to yield continued future benefits (Conger, 1987). In addition to that they help improve the sense of well being, self esteem and confidence. Many sporting activities can also be used for rehabilitation, therapeutic and recreation for people with disabilities helping them develop positive mental attitudes (Kumbhare D, Basmajian J 2000) Another aim of this policy was social inclusion; people in the community integrate together helping them to develop a sense community identity. Being involved in sports would make people with the similar interest work together and have a better understanding of one another. Sports and physical activities also help to break social barriers. People from different backgrounds, cultures and ethnicities are able to work together as a team and have a common goal. Every member of the community can participate as they have fair access of the resources. Sports and physical activities have a positive impact on the elderly and those with disabilities as they strengthen bones and help build and maintain healthy muscle joints for people with chronic disabling conditions improve stamina (WHO 2003) The policy also aimed at providing training, employment and improve skill within the sector itself thus enhancing individuals prospects for obtaining employment. Involving people with voluntary and paid sport and physical activity leadership and coaching can help some to gain qualifications and future employment, within or outside of the sports sector. A report from the (East Riding Yorkshire Council 2008) stated that the provision of sport business and services and the manufacturer of sport goods and equipment make a significant contribution to the employment and gross value (9.8 billion pounds). To implement this policy the government divided into the following groups sport in education and sport in the community. The government placed a special emphasis on school sport this is because taking part in school sport helped young people to develop a sporting talent, improved health, team work skills and self discipline. The school sport coordinator programme stated that every pupil was entitled to 2 hours of high quality of physical education and sport in a week within and beyond the curriculum(PE, School Sport And Club Links PESSCL strategy 2002(DFES) . The government introduced different programmes to help development in children and these included the Department of Children, Schools and Families (DFES),The Childrens Act 2004, and Every Child Matters 2004 and the sure start which was to help deliver the best in life for every child by bringing together early education, health and family support. There are also organization which are to mainly support childrens sport and one of them is Tames sport development which works in partnership with over 66 primary schools and its main purpose is to provide quality sporting experience within the schools. In the community one of the primary aim was to improve accessibility of sports to everyone. The main aim was to promote equality, resulting them targerting groups like the ethnic minorities, disabled, women and the elderly. Thus by incorporating the Disability Act 1995 or the Race relations (amendment) Act 2000. In the community local authorities were going to play a central role in delivering sport in the community. Older people should at least engage in moderate intensity sport a day or active recreation three or more days a week (sports playing its part 2005 sport England). The Ashton renewal sport officer aims to provide community access for young people with little or no cost. The policy of sport development and physical activities has already had an impact on the society as a whole. According to Jacquie Smith mp parliamentary under secretary of state of school standards, in 2002 the government had established eighty four specialist sport colleges in fifty nine local education authorities and 159 school sport co- coordinators had started working with teachers and parents to provide more for people in competing sports. A research done by the British market research bureau stated that children are most popular out of hours activity was participating in sports. Some of the positive effects of sport development and physical activities include helped people develop interpersonal skills, has helped combat adolescence depression and helped reduce childhood obesity 6% of childhood obesity .The sport development and physical activities policy has been successful to a greater extent. People in different communities are engaged in local community sport sessions and eventually becoming members of sport clubs. It has also made people aware of healthy lifestyles and also has promoted increased knowledge and understanding of physical activities. Another positive effect of this policy is that a lot of young people are now participating or are involved in sport or physical activities. The Tames sport development scheme engages 7000 young people into school sport and physical education and the after school clubs within a school year attract a total of about 5000 young people from all cultures and backgrounds. In Devon secondary schools are involved in different multi sport events one of them is the pentathlon challenge were over 400 students take part in different sports. The Norfolk county has adopted a vision for physical activity which is â€Å"to make sport and physical activity an everyday part of everybodys life in a Norfolk and one of its goals to promote the value of sport and physical activity improving quality of life for all. In Norfolk schools are able to access the resources for support in sport and physical development. Greater Manchester youth games have over 400 young people participating and has also produced Paralympics competitors. Several councils have now adopted a positive approach towards sports for their communities. An example is the East Riding Yorkshire Council that believes in working with people to promote physical and mental well being. In conclusion Nelson Mandela once said â€Å"Sport can create hope where there was once only despair. It breaks down racial barriers. It laughs in the face of discrimination. Sports speak to people in a language that they can understand.† References: Alcock, P 2003, Social policy in Britain. 2nd edition. Palgrave. Macmillan. Bourchard, C. Sherphard, RJ Stephens, T, 1994, Physical activity, fitness and health international proceedings and consensus statement and campaign. IL. Human kinetics publishers. Conger, J.J 1987. Behavioral medicine and health psychology in a changing world. Conger J, Galambos N, 1997, Adolescence and youth 5th edition, longman. East Riding of Yorkshire Council(2008) leisure sport and physical activity policy. http://www.eastriding.gov.uk [accessed on the 28/5/08] Kumbhare D, Basmajian J, Decision making and outcomes in sports rehabilitation. Renewal.Net 2008, Sport and physical activivity. http://www.renewal.net, [accessed on the 29/5/08] Spicker, P 1995, Social Policy .Themes and Approaches ,London, Prentice Hall. Sport development 2001, Government policy and sport. http://www.sportdevelopment.org.uk. [accessed on the 28/5/08] http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/.308/6942/1500 http://www.neighbourhood.gov.uk